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Tariffs: What Every Small Business Needs to Know

Tariffs may seem like just another layer of red tape for small business owners, especially those navigating imports for the first time. However, understanding who is responsible for paying, when tariffs are collected and how to contest incorrect charges can save your business time and money.

With new tariffs on goods from Canada, Mexico, and China making headlines, small businesses must pay even closer attention to their import costs. These tariffs impact a wide range of products, including metals, electronics, and consumer goods—all common in small business supply chains.

Who Pays the Tariff?

Tariffs are taxes imposed on imported goods, but the importer of record — usually the buyer, not the seller —is responsible for paying. If you're buying goods from abroad for your small business, these fees will likely be your responsibility. It's essential to include these costs in your pricing and profit margins from the beginning.

When Are Tariffs Collected?

Tariffs are collected by U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) upon entry into the U.S. Your customs broker or freight forwarder usually manages the payment process, but ultimately, the cost is passed on to the business owner. Many smaller businesses depend on shipping carriers like DHL or FedEx, which serve as customs brokers and collect the tariff directly from the recipient before delivery. Ensure you understand what is included in your shipping and customs fees to avoid any surprises.

HTS Codes & Exemptions

Every imported item is assigned an HTS code (Harmonized Tariff Schedule) — a 10-digit classification number that determines the tariff rate. The correct classification is critical because different codes carry different rates, and some items may even qualify for exemptions.

To find your item's HTS code:

  • Visit the U.S. International Trade Commission's HTS search tool.

  • Use detailed product descriptions to ensure the correct code is applied.

  • Consult your customs broker if unsure — incorrect classification can result in costly overcharges.

Certain items may qualify for tariff exemptions under trade agreements or temporary exclusions. Double-check if your goods qualify to avoid paying unnecessary fees. With new tariffs in effect, exemptions could provide critical cost savings. Researching whether your products qualify is more important than ever.

What If You're Charged the Wrong Tariff?

Tariff misclassifications happen more often than you'd think — and they can add up quickly. If you believe you've been charged the wrong tariff, here's what to do:

1. Gather Your Documentation: Product descriptions, invoices, manufacturer details, and any correspondence that supports your claim. The more organized your case, the better your chances of a successful challenge.

2. If DHL or FedEx collected the tariff, you must submit an appeal directly to them. Contact customer service to request a refund review and provide detailed documentation, including invoices, product descriptions, and supporting evidence showing the correct HTS code.

3. If DHL or FedEx did not collect the tariff, request a Post Summary Correction (PSC): Your customs broker can submit this request to CBP within 300 days of entry.

4. File a Protest with CBP: If the PSC is denied or the issue is more complex, you can formally dispute the charge within 180 days of liquidation. 

Why This Matters for Small Businesses

Every dollar counts when running a small business. Whether importing materials, equipment, or inventory, understanding tariffs can help protect your margins and avoid unnecessary costs. With the latest tariffs putting pressure on small businesses, now is the time to review your import processes and ensure you aren't overpaying.

Keep in mind that tariffs are collected before goods are released into the U.S. Once you file an appeal, it can take a long time—I've seen cases take over a year—before the funds are returned to your business. Being overcharged for tariffs can significantly affect your cash flow.

 

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